Advances and Challenges in Biocatalysts Application for High Solid-Loading of Biomass for 2nd Generation Bio-Ethanol Production

Growth in population and thereby increased industrialization to meet its requirement, has elevated significantly the demand for energy resources. Depletion of fossil fuel environmental sustainability issues encouraged exploration alternative renewable eco-friendly Among major fuels, bio-ethanol produced from lignocellulosic biomass is most popular one. Lignocellulosic abundant resource which ubiquitous on our planet. All plant composed cellulose, hemicellulose lignin, intricately linked each other. Filamentous fungi are known secrete a plethora hydrolyzing enzymes. Mostly these enzymes inducible, hence them economically causes challenges their hyperproduction. Biomass’s complicated structure also throws pre-treatments necessary make amorphous be accessible act it. The enzymatic hydrolysis sustainable way fermentable sugar generation convert into ethanol. To have sufficient ethanol concentration broth efficient distillation, high solid loading >20% desirable crux whole technology. High offers several benefits including sugars broth, low equipment sizing, saving cost infrastructure, etc. Along with benefits, emerged simultaneously, like mass transfer, reaction rate due water constrains in, inhibitor concentration, non-productive binding enzyme This article will give an insight cellulase action cellulosic at probable solutions.